The Internet censorship bibliography

Selected Research Papers
in Internet Censorship

CensorBib is an archive of selected academic research papers on Internet censorship. If you think I missed a paper, make a pull request. Finally, the net4people/bbs forum has reading groups for many of the papers listed below.

Are you a researcher? You may like my book Research Power Tools.

Pryde: A Modular Generalizable Workflow for Uncovering Evasion Attacks Against Stateful Firewall Deployments

Soo-Jin Moon, Milind Srivastava, Yves Bieri, Ruben Martins, Vyas Sekar
In Proc. of: Symposium on Security & Privacy, 2024, IEEE
Out in the Open: On the Implementation of Mobile App Filtering in India

Devashish Gosain, Kartikey Singh, Rishi Sharma, Jithin S, Sambuddho Chakravaty
In Proc. of: Passive and Active Measurement Conference, 2024, Springer
Communication Breakdown: Modularizing Application Tunneling for Signaling Around Censorship

Paul Vines, Samuel McKay, Jesse Jenter, Suresh Krishnaswamy
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2024
Fingerprinting VPNs with Custom Router Firmware: A New Censorship Threat Model

Sultan Almutairi, Yogev Neumann, Khaled Harfoush
In Proc. of: Consumer Communications & Networking Conference, 2024, IEEE
Modeling and Detecting Internet Censorship Events

Elisa Tsai, Ram Sundara Raman, Atul Prakash, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2024, The Internet Society
Internet Sanctions on Russian Media: Actions and Effects

John Kristoff, Moritz Müller, Arturo Filastò, Max Resing, Chris Kanich, Niels ten Oever
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2024
Bleeding Wall: A Hematologic Examination on the Great Firewall

Sakamoto, Elson Wedwards
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2024
Just add WATER: WebAssembly-based Circumvention Transports

Erik Chi, Gaukas Wang, J. Alex Halderman, Eric Wustrow, Jack Wampler
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2024
Extended Abstract: Traffic Splitting for Pluggable Transports

Anna Harbluk Lorimer, Rob Jansen, Nick Feamster
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2024
Extended Abstract: Oscur0: One-shot Circumvention without Registration

Mingye Chen, Jack Wampler, Abdulrahman Alaraj, Gaukas Wang, Eric Wustrow
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2024
Fingerprinting Obfuscated Proxy Traffic with Encapsulated TLS Handshakes

Diwen Xue, Michalis Kallitsis, Amir Houmansadr, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2024, USENIX
NetShuffle: Circumventing Censorship with Shuffle Proxies at the Edge

Patrick Tser Jern Kon, Aniket Gattani, Dhiraj Saharia, Tianyu Cao, Diogo Barradas, Ang Chen, Micah Sherr, Benjamin E. Ujcich
In Proc. of: Symposium on Security & Privacy, 2024, IEEE
On Precisely Detecting Censorship Circumvention in Real-World Networks

Ryan Wails, George Arnold Sullivan, Micah Sherr, Rob Jansen
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2024, The Internet Society

Website blocking in the European Union: Network interference from the perspective of Open Internet

Vasilis Ververis, Lucas Lasota, Tatiana Ermakova, Benjamin Fabian
In: Policy & Internet, 2023
Comments on certain past cryptographic flaws affecting fully encrypted censorship circumvention protocols

David Fifield
2023
Destination Unreachable: Characterizing Internet Outages and Shutdowns

Zachary S. Bischof, Kennedy Pitcher, Esteban Carisimo, Amanda Meng, Rafael Bezerra Nunes, Ramakrishna Padmanabhan, Margaret E. Roberts, Alex C. Snoeren, Alberto Dainotti
In Proc. of: SIGCOMM, 2023, ACM
Augmenting Rule-based DNS Censorship Detection at Scale with Machine Learning

Jacob Brown, Xi Jiang, Van Tran, Arjun Nitin Bhagoji, Nguyen Phong Hoang, Nick Feamster, Prateek Mittal, Vinod Yegneswaran
In Proc. of: Knowledge Discovery And Data Mining, 2023, ACM
A Study of China’s Censorship and Its Evasion Through the Lens of Online Gaming

Yuzhou Feng, Ruyu Zhai, Radu Sion, Bogdan Carbunar
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2023, USENIX
DeResistor: Toward Detection-Resistant Probing for Evasion of Internet Censorship

Abderrahmen Amich, Birhanu Eshete, Vinod Yegneswaran, Nguyen Phong Hoang
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2023, USENIX
TELEPATH: A Minecraft-based Covert Communication System

Zhen Sun, Vitaly Shmatikov
In Proc. of: Symposium on Security & Privacy, 2023, IEEE
A Worldwide View of Nation-state Internet Censorship

Alexander Master, Christina Garman
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2023
The Use of Push Notification in Censorship Circumvention

Diwen Xue, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2023
Measuring and Evading Turkmenistan’s Internet Censorship

Sadia Nourin, Van Tran, Xi Jiang, Kevin Bock, Nick Feamster, Nguyen Phong Hoang, Dave Levin
In Proc. of: The International World Wide Web Conference, 2023, ACM
Detecting Network Interference Without Endpoint Participation

Sadia Nourin, Kevin Bock, Nguyen Phong Hoang, Dave Levin
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2023
Running a high-performance pluggable transports Tor bridge

David Fifield, Linus Nordberg
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2023
Towards a Comprehensive Understanding of Russian Transit Censorship

Aaron Ortwein, Kevin Bock, Dave Levin
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2023
Proteus: Programmable Protocols for Censorship Circumvention

Ryan Wails, Rob Jansen, Aaron Johnson, Micah Sherr
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2023
Voiceover: Censorship-Circumventing Protocol Tunnels with Generative Modeling

Watson Jia, Joseph Eichenhofer, Liang Wang, Prateek Mittal
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2023
Crowdsourcing the Discovery of Server-side Censorship Evasion Strategies

Nhi Tran, Kevin Bock, Dave Levin
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2023
Network Responses to Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine in 2022: A Cautionary Tale for Internet Freedom

Reethika Ramesh, Ram Sundara Raman, Apurva Virkud, Alexandra Dirksen, Armin Huremagic, David Fifield, Dirk Rodenburg, Rod Hynes, Doug Madory, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2023, USENIX
How the Great Firewall of China Detects and Blocks Fully Encrypted Traffic

Mingshi Wu, Jackson Sippe, Danesh Sivakumar, Jack Burg, Peter Anderson, Xiaokang Wang, Kevin Bock, Amir Houmansadr, Dave Levin, Eric Wustrow
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2023, USENIX
Lox: Protecting the Social Graph in Bridge Distribution

Lindsey Tulloch, Ian Goldberg
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2023
Dolphin: A Cellular Voice Based Internet Shutdown Resistance System

Piyush Kumar Sharma, Rishi Sharma, Kartikey Singh, Mukulika Maity, Sambuddho Chakravarty
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2023
CensorWatch: On the Implementation of Online Censorship in India

Divyank Katira, Gurshabad Grover, Kushagra Singh, Varun Bansal
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2023
Chasing Shadows: A security analysis of the ShadowTLS proxy

Gaukas Wang, Anonymous, Jackson Sippe, Hai Chi, Eric Wustrow
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2023
Security Notions for Fully Encrypted Protocols

Ellis Fenske, Aaron Johnson
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2023
Advancing the Art of Censorship Data Analysis

Ram Sundara Raman, Apurva Virkud, Sarah Laplante, Vinicius Fortuna, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2023

Darwin’s Theory of Censorship: Analysing the Evolution of Censored Topics with Dynamic Topic Models

Asim Waheed, Sara Qunaibi, Diogo Barradas, Zachary Weinberg
In Proc. of: Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, 2022, ACM
Network Measurement Methods for Locating and Examining Censorship Devices

Ram Sundara Raman, Mona Wang, Jakub Dalek, Jonathan Mayer, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: Emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies, 2022, ACM
TSPU: Russia’s Decentralized Censorship System

Diwen Xue, Benjamin Mixon-Baca, ValdikSS, Anna Ablove, Beau Kujath, Jedidiah R. Crandall, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2022, ACM
Many Roads Lead To Rome: How Packet Headers Influence DNS Censorship Measurement

Abhishek Bhaskar, Paul Pearce
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2022, USENIX
GET /out: Automated Discovery of Application-Layer Censorship Evasion Strategies

Michael Harrity, Kevin Bock, Frederick Sell, Dave Levin
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2022, USENIX
OpenVPN is Open to VPN Fingerprinting

Diwen Xue, Reethika Ramesh, Arham Jain, Michalis Kallitsis, J. Alex Halderman, Jedidiah R. Crandall, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2022, USENIX
Stegozoa: Enhancing WebRTC Covert Channels with Video Steganography for Internet Censorship Circumvention

Gabriel Figueira, Diogo Barradas, Nuno Santos
In Proc. of: Asia CCS, 2022, ACM
COVID-19 increased censorship circumvention and access to sensitive topics in China

Keng-Chi Chang, William R. Hobbs, Margaret E. Roberts, Zachary C. Steinert-Threlkeld
In: PNAS, 2022, National Academy of Sciences
Measuring the Accessibility of Domain Name Encryption and Its Impact on Internet Filtering

Nguyen Phong Hoang, Michalis Polychronakis, Phillipa Gill
In Proc. of: Passive and Active Measurement Conference, 2022, Springer

Understanding Internet Censorship in Europe: The Case of Spain

Vasilis Ververis, Tatiana Ermakova, Marios Isaakidis, Simone Basso, Benjamin Fabian, Stefania Milan
In Proc. of: Web Science Conference, 2021, ACM
OUStralopithecus: Overt User Simulation for Censorship Circumvention

Anna Harbluk Lorimer, Lindsey Tulloch, Cecylia Bocovich, Ian Goldberg
In Proc. of: Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, 2021, ACM
Camoufler: Accessing The Censored Web By Utilizing Instant Messaging Channels

Piyush Kumar Sharma, Devashish Gosain, Sambuddho Chakravarty
In Proc. of: Asia CCS, 2021, ACM
Chinese Wall or Swiss Cheese? Keyword filtering in the Great Firewall of China

Raymond Rambert, Zachary Weinberg, Diogo Barradas, Nicolas Christin
In Proc. of: WWW, 2021, ACM
Meteor: Cryptographically Secure Steganography for Realistic Distributions

Gabriel Kaptchuk, Tushar M. Jois, Matthew Green, Aviel D. Rubin
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2021, ACM
Throttling Twitter: an emerging censorship technique in Russia

Diwen Xue, Reethika Ramesh, ValdikSS, Leonid Evdokimov, Andrey Viktorov, Arham Jain, Eric Wustrow, Simone Basso, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2021, ACM
Web censorship measurements of HTTP/3 over QUIC

Kathrin Elmenhorst, Bertram Schütz, Nils Aschenbruck, Simone Basso
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2021, ACM
Measuring DoT/DoH blocking using OONI Probe: a preliminary study

Simone Basso
In Proc. of: DNS Privacy Workshop, 2021, The Internet Society
A multi-perspective view of Internet censorship in Myanmar

Ramakrishna Padmanabhan, and Arturo Filastò, Maria Xynou, Ram Sundara Raman, Kennedy Middleton, Mingwei Zhang, Doug Madory, Molly Roberts, Alberto Dainotti
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2021, ACM
Measuring QQMail’s Automated Email Censorship in China

Jeffrey Knockel, Lotus Ruan
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2021, ACM
Exploring Simple Detection Techniques for DNS-over-HTTPS Tunnels

Carmen Kwan, Paul Janiszewski, Shela Qiu, Cathy Wang, Cecylia Bocovich
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2021, ACM
Even Censors Have a Backup: Examining China’s Double HTTPS Censorship Middleboxes

Kevin Bock, Gabriel Naval, Kyle Reese, Dave Levin
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2021, ACM
BlindTLS: Circumventing TLS-Based HTTPS Censorship

Sambhav Satija, Rahul Chatterjee
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2021, ACM
Domain Shadowing: Leveraging Content Delivery Networks for Robust Blocking-Resistant Communications

Mingkui Wei
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2021, USENIX
Weaponizing Middleboxes for TCP Reflected Amplification

Kevin Bock, Abdulrahman Alaraj, Yair Fax, Kyle Hurley, Eric Wustrow, Dave Levin
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2021, USENIX
How Great is the Great Firewall? Measuring China’s DNS Censorship

Nguyen Phong Hoang, Arian Akhavan Niaki, Jakub Dalek, Jeffrey Knockel, Pellaeon Lin, Bill Marczak, Masashi Crete-Nishihata, Phillipa Gill, Michalis Polychronakis
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2021, USENIX
Balboa: Bobbing and Weaving around Network Censorship

Marc B. Rosen, James Parker, Alex J. Malozemoff
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2021, USENIX
Your Censor is My Censor: Weaponizing Censorship Infrastructure for Availability Attacks

Kevin Bock, Pranav Bharadwaj, Jasraj Singh, Dave Levin
In Proc. of: Workshop on Offensive Technologies, 2021, IEEE
Too Close for Comfort: Morasses of (Anti-) Censorship in the Era of CDNs

Devashish Gosain, Mayank Mohindra, Sambuddho Chakravarty
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2021, Sciendo

Towards a Scalable Censorship-Resistant Overlay Network based on WebRTC Covert Channels

Diogo Barradas, Nuno Santos
In Proc. of: Distributed Infrastructure for Common Good, 2020, ACM
Poking a Hole in the Wall: Efficient Censorship-Resistant Internet Communications by Parasitizing on WebRTC

Diogo Barradas, Nuno Santos, Luís Rodrigues, Vítor Nunes
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2020, ACM
Censored Planet: An Internet-wide, Longitudinal Censorship Observatory

Ram Sundara Raman, Prerana Shenoy, Katharina Kohls, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2020, ACM
How China Detects and Blocks Shadowsocks

Alice, Bob, Carol, Jan Beznazwy, Amir Houmansadr
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2020, ACM
Investigating Large Scale HTTPS Interception in Kazakhstan

Ram Sundara Raman, Leonid Evdokimov, Eric Wustrow, J. Alex Halderman, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2020, ACM
Come as You Are: Helping Unmodified Clients Bypass Censorship with Server-side Evasion

Kevin Bock, George Hughey, Louis-Henri Merino, Tania Arya, Daniel Liscinsky, Regina Pogosian, Dave Levin
In Proc. of: SIGCOMM, 2020, ACM
MIMIQ: Masking IPs with Migration in QUIC

Yashodhar Govil, Liang Wang, Jennifer Rexford
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2020, USENIX
Opening Digital Borders Cautiously yet Decisively: Digital Filtering in Saudi Arabia

Fatemah Alharbi, Michalis Faloutsos, Nael Abu-Ghazaleh
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2020, USENIX
Triplet Censors: Demystifying Great Firewall’s DNS Censorship Behavior

Anonymous, Arian Akhavan Niaki, Nguyen Phong Hoang, Phillipa Gill, Amir Houmansadr
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2020, USENIX
Slitheen++: Stealth TLS-based Decoy Routing

Benedikt Birtel, Christian Rossow
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2020, USENIX
Detecting and Evading Censorship-in-Depth: A Case Study of Iran’s Protocol Filter

Kevin Bock, Yair Fax, Kyle Reese, Jasraj Singh, Dave Levin
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2020, USENIX
Turbo Tunnel, a good way to design censorship circumvention protocols

David Fifield
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2020, USENIX
HTTPT: A Probe-Resistant Proxy

Sergey Frolov, Eric Wustrow
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2020, USENIX
How India Censors the Web

Kushagra Singh, Gurshabad Grover, Varun Bansal
In Proc. of: Web Science, 2020, ACM
Characterizing Transnational Internet Performance and the Great Bottleneck of China

Pengxiong Zhu, Keyu Man, Zhongjie Wang, Zhiyun Qian, Roya Ensafi, J. Alex Halderman, Haixin Duan
In: Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems, 2020, ACM
SiegeBreaker: An SDN Based Practical Decoy Routing System

Piyush Kumar Sharma, Devashish Gosain, Himanshu Sagar, Chaitanya Kumar, Aneesh Dogra, Vinayak Naik, H. B. Acharya, Sambuddho Chakravarty
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2020, Sciendo
Running Refraction Networking for Real

Benjamin VanderSloot, Sergey Frolov, Jack Wampler, Sze Chuen Tan, Irv Simpson, Michalis Kallitsis, J. Alex Halderman, Nikita Borisov, Eric Wustrow
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2020, Sciendo
MoneyMorph: Censorship Resistant Rendezvous using Permissionless Cryptocurrencies

Mohsen Minaei, Pedro Moreno-Sanchez, Aniket Kate
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2020, Sciendo
ICLab: A Global, Longitudinal Internet Censorship Measurement Platform

Arian Akhavan Niaki, Shinyoung Cho, Zachary Weinberg, Nguyen Phong Hoang, Abbas Razaghpanah, Nicolas Christin, Phillipa Gill
In Proc. of: Symposium on Security & Privacy, 2020, IEEE
SymTCP: Eluding Stateful Deep Packet Inspection with Automated Discrepancy Discovery

Zhongjie Wang, Shitong Zhu, Yue Cao, Zhiyun Qian, Chengyu Song, Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy, Kevin S. Chan, Tracy D. Braun
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2020, The Internet Society
MassBrowser: Unblocking the Censored Web for the Masses, by the Masses

Milad Nasr, Hadi Zolfaghari, Amir Houmansadr, Amirhossein Ghafari
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2020, The Internet Society
Detecting Probe-resistant Proxies

Sergey Frolov, Jack Wampler, Eric Wustrow
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2020, The Internet Society
Measuring the Deployment of Network Censorship Filters at Global Scale

Ram Sundara Raman, Adrian Stoll, Jakub Dalek, Reethika Ramesh, Will Scott, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2020, The Internet Society
Decentralized Control: A Case Study of Russia

Reethika Ramesh, Ram Sundara Raman, Matthew Bernhard, Victor Ongkowijaya, Leonid Evdokimov, Anne Edmundson, Steven Sprecher, Muhammad Ikram, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2020, The Internet Society
Protocol Proxy: An FTE-based covert channel

Jonathan Oakley, Lu Yu, Xingsi Zhong, Ganesh Kumar Venayagamoorthy, Richard Brooks
In: Computers & Security, 2020, Elsevier

Conjure: Summoning Proxies from Unused Address Space

Sergey Frolov, Jack Wampler, Sze Chuen Tan, J. Alex Halderman, Nikita Borisov, Eric Wustrow
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2019, ACM
Geneva: Evolving Censorship Evasion Strategies

Kevin Bock, George Hughey, Xiao Qiang, Dave Levin
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2019, ACM
Distributed Detection of Tor Directory Authorities Censorship in Mexico

Gunnar Eyal Wolf Iszaevich
In Proc. of: International Conference on Networks, 2019, IARIA
Shedding Light on Mobile App Store Censorship

Vasilis Ververis, Marios Isaakidis, Valentin Weber, Benjamin Fabian
In Proc. of: User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization, 2019, ACM
Improving Meek With Adversarial Techniques

Steven R. Sheffey, Ferrol Aderholdt
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2019, USENIX
On the Importance of Encrypted-SNI (ESNI) to Censorship Circumvention

Zimo Chai, Amirhossein Ghafari, Amir Houmansadr
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2019, USENIX
An Efficient Method to Determine which Combination of Keywords Triggered Automatic Filtering of a Message

Ruohan Xiong, Jeffrey Knockel
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2019, USENIX
Measuring I2P Censorship at a Global Scale

Nguyen Phong Hoang, Sadie Doreen, Michalis Polychronakis
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2019, USENIX
Enemy At the Gateways: Censorship-Resilient Proxy Distribution Using Game Theory

Milad Nasr, Sadegh Farhang, Amir Houmansadr, Jens Grossklags
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2019, The Internet Society
The use of TLS in Censorship Circumvention

Sergey Frolov, Eric Wustrow
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2019, The Internet Society

On Identifying Anomalies in Tor Usage with Applications in Detecting Internet Censorship

Joss Wright, Alexander Darer, Oliver Farnan
In Proc. of: Web Science, 2018, ACM
Where The Light Gets In: Analyzing Web Censorship Mechanisms in India

Tarun Kumar Yadav, Akshat Sinha, Devashish Gosain, Piyush Kumar Sharma, Sambuddho Chakravarty
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2018, ACM
403 Forbidden: A Global View of CDN Geoblocking

Allison McDonald, Matthew Bernhard, Luke Valenta, Benjamin VanderSloot, Will Scott, Nick Sullivan, J. Alex Halderman, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2018, ACM
An Empirical Study of the I2P Anonymity Network and its Censorship Resistance

Nguyen Phong Hoang, Panagiotis Kintis, Manos Antonakakis, Michalis Polychronakis
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2018, ACM
Secure asymmetry and deployability for decoy routing systems

Cecylia Bocovich, Ian Goldberg
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2018, De Gruyter Open
Effective Detection of Multimedia Protocol Tunneling using Machine Learning

Diogo Barradas, Nuno Santos, Luís Rodrigues
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2018, USENIX
Quack: Scalable Remote Measurement of Application-Layer Censorship

Benjamin VanderSloot, Allison McDonald, Will Scott, J. Alex Halderman, Roya Ensafi
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2018, USENIX
Incentivizing Censorship Measurements via Circumvention

Aqib Nisar, Aqsa Kashaf, Ihsan Ayyub Qazi, Zartash Afzal Uzmi
In Proc. of: SIGCOMM, 2018, ACM
Analyzing China’s Blocking of Unpublished Tor Bridges

Arun Dunna, Ciarán O’Brien, Phillipa Gill
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2018, USENIX
MultiFlow: Cross-Connection Decoy Routing using TLS 1.3 Session Resumption

Victoria Manfredi, Pi Songkuntham
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2018, USENIX
An analysis of automatic image filtering on WeChat Moments

Jeffrey Knockel, Lotus Ruan, Masashi Crete-Nishihata
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2018, USENIX
A Bestiary of Blocking: The Motivations and Modes behind Website Unavailability

Michael Carl Tschantz, Sadia Afroz, Shaarif Sajid, Shoaib Asif Qazi, Mobin Javed, Vern Paxson
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2018, USENIX
Automatically Generating a Large, Culture-Specific Blocklist for China

Austin Hounsel, Prateek Mittal, Nick Feamster
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2018, USENIX
How Sudden Censorship Can Increase Access to Information

William R. Hobbs, Margaret E. Roberts
In: American Political Science Review, 2018, Cambridge University Press
Detecting Censorable Content on Sina Weibo: A Pilot Study

Kei Yin Ng, Anna Feldman, Chris Leberknight
In Proc. of: Hellenic Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2018, ACM
Proof-of-Censorship: Enabling centralized censorship-resistant content providers

Ian Martiny, Ian Miers, Eric Wustrow
In Proc. of: Financial Cryptography and Data Security, 2018, Springer

The Devil’s in The Details: Placing Decoy Routers in the Internet

Devashish Gosain, Anshika Agarwal, Sambuddho Chakravarty, H. B. Acharya
In Proc. of: ACSAC, 2017, ACM
Lavinia: An audit-payment protocol for censorship-resistant storage

Cecylia Bocovich, John A. Doucette, Ian Goldberg
In Proc. of: Financial Cryptography and Data Security, 2017, Springer
The Random Forest based Detection of Shadowsock’s Traffic

Ziye Deng, Zihan Liu, Zhouguo Chen, Yubin Guo
In Proc. of: Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics, 2017, IEEE
DeTor: Provably Avoiding Geographic Regions in Tor

Zhihao Li, Stephen Herwig, Dave Levin
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2017, USENIX
Mending Wall: On the Implementation of Censorship in India

Devashish Gosain, Anshika Agarwal, Sahil Shekhawat, H. B. Acharya, Sambuddho Chakravarty
In Proc. of: SecureComm, 2017, Springer
Online Advertising under Internet Censorship

Hira Javaid, Hafiz Kamran Khalil, Zartash Afzal Uzmi, Ihsan Ayyub Qazi
In Proc. of: Hot Topics in Networks, 2017, ACM
Internet Censorship Capabilities in Cyprus: An Investigation of Online Gambling Blocklisting

Vasilis Ververis, Marios Isaakidis, Chrystalleni Loizidou, Benjamin Fabian
In Proc. of: E-Democracy, 2017, Springer
Accessing Google Scholar under Extreme Internet Censorship: A Legal Avenue

Zhen Lu, Zhenhua Li, Jian Yang, Tianyin Xu, Ennan Zhai, Yao Liu, Christo Wilson
In Proc. of: Middleware, 2017, ACM
A Churn for the Better: Localizing Censorship using Network-level Path Churn and Network Tomography

Shinyoung Cho, Rishab Nithyanand, Abbas Razaghpanah, Phillipa Gill
In Proc. of: Emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies, 2017, ACM
The Waterfall of Liberty: Decoy Routing Circumvention that Resists Routing Attacks

Milad Nasr, Hadi Zolfaghari, Amir Houmansadr
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2017, ACM
Your State is Not Mine: A Closer Look at Evading Stateful Internet Censorship

Zhongjie Wang, Yue Cao, Zhiyun Qian, Chengyu Song, Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2017, ACM
lib·erate, (n): A library for exposing (traffic-classification) rules and avoiding them efficiently

Fangfan Li, Abbas Razaghpanah, Arash Molavi Kakhki, Arian Akhavan Niaki, David Choffnes, Phillipa Gill, Alan Mislove
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2017, ACM
When the Internet Goes Down in Bangladesh

Mehrab Bin Morshed, Michaelanne Dye, Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed, Neha Kumar
In Proc. of: Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing, 2017, ACM
Characterizing the Nature and Dynamics of Tor Exit Blocking

Rachee Singh, Rishab Nithyanand, Sadia Afroz, Paul Pearce, Michael Carl Tschantz, Phillipa Gill, Vern Paxson
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2017, USENIX
Global Measurement of DNS Manipulation

Paul Pearce, Ben Jones, Frank Li, Roya Ensafi, Nick Feamster, Nick Weaver, Vern Paxson
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2017, USENIX
FilteredWeb: A Framework for the Automated Search-Based Discovery of Blocked URLs

Alexander Darer, Oliver Farnan, Joss Wright
In Proc. of: Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis, 2017, IFIP
Measuring Decentralization of Chinese Keyword Censorship via Mobile Games

Jeffrey Knockel, Lotus Ruan, Masashi Crete-Nishihata
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2017, USENIX
The Decline of Social Media Censorship and the Rise of Self-Censorship after the 2016 Failed Turkish Coup

Rima Tanash, Zhouhan Chen, Dan Wallach, Melissa Marschall
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2017, USENIX
Autosonda: Discovering Rules and Triggers of Censorship Devices

Jill Jermyn, Nicholas Weaver
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2017, USENIX
An ISP-Scale Deployment of TapDance

Sergey Frolov, Fred Douglas, Will Scott, Allison McDonald, Benjamin VanderSloot, Rod Hynes, Adam Kruger, Michalis Kallitsis, David G. Robinson, Steve Schultze, Nikita Borisov, J. Alex Halderman, Eric Wustrow
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2017, USENIX
DeltaShaper: Enabling Unobservable Censorship-resistant TCP Tunneling over Videoconferencing Streams

Diogo Barradas, Nuno Santos, Luís Rodrigues
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2017, De Gruyter Open
Topics of Controversy: An Empirical Analysis of Web Censorship Lists

Zachary Weinberg, Mahmood Sharif, Janos Szurdi, Nicolas Christin
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2017, De Gruyter Open
A Usability Evaluation of Tor Launcher

Linda Lee, David Fifield, Nathan Malkin, Ganesh Iyer, Serge Egelman, David Wagner
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2017, De Gruyter Open
Augur: Internet-Wide Detection of Connectivity Disruptions

Paul Pearce, Roya Ensafi, Frank Li, Nick Feamster, Vern Paxson
In Proc. of: Symposium on Security & Privacy, 2017, IEEE
Scalable Anti-Censorship Framework Using Moving Target Defense for Web Servers

Vahid Heydari, Sun-il Kim, Seong-Moo Yoo
In: Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 2017, IEEE
Internet Censorship in Thailand: User Practices and Potential Threats

Genevieve Gebhart, Anonymous Author, Tadayoshi Kohno
In Proc. of: European Symposium on Security & Privacy, 2017, IEEE
Dissecting Tor Bridges: a Security Evaluation of Their Private and Public Infrastructures

Srdjan Matic, Carmela Troncoso, Juan Caballero
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2017, The Internet Society

Fingerprintability of WebRTC

David Fifield, Mia Gil Epner
2016
Poisoning the Well – Exploring the Great Firewall’s Poisoned DNS Responses

Oliver Farnan, Alexander Darer, Joss Wright
In Proc. of: Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, 2016, ACM
Slitheen: Perfectly Imitated Decoy Routing through Traffic Replacement

Cecylia Bocovich, Ian Goldberg
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2016, ACM
Game of Decoys: Optimal Decoy Routing Through Game Theory

Milad Nasr, Amir Houmansadr
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2016, ACM
Practical Censorship Evasion Leveraging Content Delivery Networks

Hadi Zolfaghari, Amir Houmansadr
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2016, ACM
DNS-sly: Avoiding Censorship through Network Complexity

Qurat-Ul-Ann Danyal Akbar, Marcel Flores, Aleksandar Kuzmanovic
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2016, USENIX
Matryoshka: Hiding Secret Communication in Plain Sight

Iris Safaka, Christina Fragouli, Katerina Argyraki
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2016, USENIX
GhostPost: Seamless Restoration of Censored Social Media Posts

Frederick Douglas, Matthew Caesar
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2016, USENIX
Censors’ Delay in Blocking Circumvention Proxies

David Fifield, Lynn Tsai
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2016, USENIX
The Politics of Routing: Investigating the Relationship Between AS Connectivity and Internet Freedom

Rachee Singh, Hyungjoon Koo, Najmehalsadat Miramirkhani, Fahimeh Mirhaj, Phillipa Gill, Leman Akoglu
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2016, USENIX
A Framework for the Game-theoretic Analysis of Censorship Resistance

Tariq Elahi, John A. Doucette, Hadi Hosseini, Steven J. Murdoch, Ian Goldberg
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2016, De Gruyter Open
SoK: Making Sense of Censorship Resistance Systems

Sheharbano Khattak, Tariq Elahi, Laurent Simon, Colleen M. Swanson, Steven J. Murdoch, Ian Goldberg
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2016, De Gruyter Open
Salmon: Robust Proxy Distribution for Censorship Circumvention

Frederick Douglas, Rorshach, Weiyang Pan, Matthew Caesar
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2016, De Gruyter Open
Satellite: Joint Analysis of CDNs and Network-Level Interference

Will Scott, Thomas Anderson, Tadayoshi Kohno, Arvind Krishnamurthy
In Proc. of: USENIX Annual Technical Conference, 2016, USENIX
Analyzing Internet Censorship in Pakistan

Giuseppe Aceto, Alessio Botta, Antonio Pescapè, M. Faheem Awan, Tahir Ahmad, Saad Qaisar
In Proc. of: Research and Technologies for Society and Industry, 2016, IEEE
Leveraging Internet Services to Evade Censorship

Apostolis Zarras
In Proc. of: Information Security Conference, 2016, Springer
Games Without Frontiers: Investigating Video Games as a Covert Channel

Bridger Hahn, Rishab Nithyanand, Phillipa Gill, Rob Johnson
In Proc. of: European Symposium on Security & Privacy, 2016, IEEE
Mailet: Instant Social Networking under Censorship

Shuai Li, Nicholas Hopper
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2016, De Gruyter Open
CovertCast: Using Live Streaming to Evade Internet Censorship

Richard McPherson, Amir Houmansadr, Vitaly Shmatikov
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2016, De Gruyter Open
SkypeLine: Robust Hidden Data Transmission for VoIP

Katharina Kohls, Thorsten Holz, Dorothea Kolossa, Christina Pöpper
In Proc. of: ASIA Computer and Communications Security, 2016, ACM
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools: Escaping the Control of the Syrian Regime

Walid Al-Saqaf
In: Media and Communication, 2016, Cogitatio
SoK: Towards Grounding Censorship Circumvention in Empiricism

Michael Carl Tschantz, Sadia Afroz, Anonymous, Vern Paxson
In Proc. of: Symposium on Security & Privacy, 2016, IEEE

Alibi Routing

Dave Levin, Youndo Lee, Luke Valenta, Zhihao Li, Victoria Lai, Cristian Lumezanu, Neil Spring, Bobby Bhattacharjee
In Proc. of: SIGCOMM, 2015, ACM
No Encore for Encore? Ethical Questions for Web-Based Censorship Measurement

Arvind Narayanan, Bendert Zevenbergen
In: Technology Science, 2015
Rebound: Decoy Routing on Asymmetric Routes Via Error Messages

Daniel Ellard, Alden Jackson, Christine Jones, Victoria Ursula Manfredi, Timothy Strayer, Bishal Thapa, Megan Van Welie
In Proc. of: Local Computer Networks, 2015, IEEE
Algorithmically Bypassing Censorship on Sina Weibo with Nondeterministic Homophone Substitutions

Chaya Hiruncharoenvate, Zhiyuan Lin, Eric Gilbert
In Proc. of: International Conference on Web and Social Media, 2015, AAAI
A Case for Marrying Censorship Measurements with Circumvention

Aqib Nisar, Aqsa Kashaf, Zartash Afzal Uzmi, Ihsan Ayyub Qazi
In Proc. of: Hot Topics in Networks, 2015, ACM
Can Censorship Measurements Be Safe(r)?

Ben Jones, Nick Feamster
In Proc. of: Hot Topics in Networks, 2015, ACM
Rook: Using Video Games as a Low-Bandwidth Censorship Resistant Communication Platform

Paul Vines, Tadayoshi Kohno
In Proc. of: Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, 2015, ACM
Known Unknowns: An Analysis of Twitter Censorship in Turkey

Rima S. Tanash, Zhouhan Chen, Tanmay Thakur, Dan S. Wallach, Devika Subramanian
In Proc. of: Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, 2015, ACM
Examining How the Great Firewall Discovers Hidden Circumvention Servers

Roya Ensafi, David Fifield, Philipp Winter, Nick Feamster, Nicholas Weaver, Vern Paxson
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2015, ACM
CacheBrowser: Bypassing Chinese Censorship without Proxies Using Cached Content

John Holowczak, Amir Houmansadr
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2015, ACM
Seeing through Network-Protocol Obfuscation

Liang Wang, Kevin P. Dyer, Aditya Akella, Thomas Ristenpart, Thomas Shrimpton
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2015, ACM
Forgive Us our SYNs: Technical and Ethical Considerations for Measuring Internet Filtering

Jedidiah R. Crandall, Masashi Crete-Nishihata, Jeffrey Knockel
In Proc. of: Ethics in Networked Systems Research, 2015, ACM
Understanding Internet Censorship Policy: The Case of Greece

Vasilis Ververis, George Kargiotakis, Arturo Filastò, Benjamin Fabian, Afentoulis Alexandros
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2015, USENIX
Every Rose Has Its Thorn: Censorship and Surveillance on Social Video Platforms in China

Jeffrey Knockel, Masashi Crete-Nishihata, Jason Q. Ng, Adam Senft, Jedidiah R. Crandall
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2015, USENIX
An Analysis of China’s “Great Cannon”

Bill Marczak, Nicholas Weaver, Jakub Dalek, Roya Ensafi, David Fifield, Sarah McKune, Arn Rey, John Scott-Railton, Ron Deibert, Vern Paxson
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2015, USENIX
Marionette: A Programmable Network-Traffic Obfuscation System

Kevin P. Dyer, Scott E. Coull, Thomas Shrimpton
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2015, USENIX
Encore: Lightweight Measurement of Web Censorship with Cross-Origin Requests

Sam Burnett, Nick Feamster
In Proc. of: SIGCOMM, 2015, ACM
Ethical Concerns for Censorship Measurement

Ben Jones, Roya Ensafi, Nick Feamster, Vern Paxson, Nick Weaver
In Proc. of: Ethics in Networked Systems Research, 2015, ACM
Analyzing the Great Firewall of China Over Space and Time

Roya Ensafi, Philipp Winter, Abdullah Mueen, Jedidiah R. Crandall
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2015, De Gruyter Open
Blocking-resistant communication through domain fronting

David Fifield, Chang Lan, Rod Hynes, Percy Wegmann, Vern Paxson
In: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2015, De Gruyter Open
Characterizing Web Censorship Worldwide: Another Look at the OpenNet Initiative Data

Phillipa Gill, Masashi Crete-Nishihata, Jakub Dalek, Sharon Goldberg, Adam Senft, Greg Wiseman
In: Transactions on the Web, 2015, ACM
Internet Censorship detection: A survey

Giuseppe Aceto, Antonio Pescapè
In: Computer Networks, 2015, Elsevier
Monitoring Internet Censorship with UBICA

Giuseppe Aceto, Alessio Botta, Antonio Pescapè, Nick Feamster, M. Faheem Awan, Tahir Ahmad, Saad Qaisar
In Proc. of: Traffic Monitoring and Analysis, 2015, Springer

GoHop: Personal VPN to Defend from Censorship

Yuzhi Wang, Ping Ji, Borui Ye, Pengjun Wang, Rong Luo, Huazhong Yang
In Proc. of: International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology, 2014, IEEE
Global Network Interference Detection over the RIPE Atlas Network

Collin Anderson, Philipp Winter, Roya
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2014, USENIX
Towards a Comprehensive Picture of the Great Firewall’s DNS Censorship

Anonymous
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2014, USENIX
CloudTransport: Using Cloud Storage for Censorship-Resistant Networking

Chad Brubaker, Amir Houmansadr, Vitaly Shmatikov
In Proc. of: Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium, 2014, Springer
Censorship in the Wild: Analyzing Internet Filtering in Syria

Abdelberi Chaabane, Terence Chen, Mathieu Cunche, Emiliano De Cristofaro, Arik Friedman, Mohamed Ali Kaafar
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2014, ACM
TRIST: Circumventing Censorship with Transcoding-Resistant Image Steganography

Christopher Connolly, Patrick Lincoln, Ian Mason, Vinod Yegneswaran
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2014, USENIX
Detecting Intentional Packet Drops on the Internet via TCP/IP Side Channels

Roya Ensafi, Jeffrey Knockel, Geoffrey Alexander, Jedidiah R. Crandall
In Proc. of: Passive and Active Measurement Conference, 2014, Springer
No Direction Home: The True Cost of Routing Around Decoys

Amir Houmansadr, Edmund L. Wong, Vitaly Shmatikov
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2014, The Internet Society
Facade: High-Throughput, Deniable Censorship Circumvention Using Web Search

Ben Jones, Sam Burnett, Nick Feamster, Sean Donovan, Sarthak Grover, Sathya Gunasekaran, Karim Habak
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2014, USENIX
Automated Detection and Fingerprinting of Censorship Block Pages

Ben Jones, Tzu-Wen Lee, Nick Feamster, Phillipa Gill
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2014, ACM
A Look at the Consequences of Internet Censorship Through an ISP Lens

Sheharbano Khattak, Mobin Javed, Syed Ali Khayam, Zartash Afzal Uzmi, Vern Paxson
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2014, ACM
Reverse-engineering censorship in China: Randomized experimentation and participant observation

Gary King, Jennifer Pan, Margaret E. Roberts
In: Science, 2014, AAAS
Facet: Streaming over Videoconferencing for Censorship Circumvention

Shuai Li, Mike Schliep, Nick Hopper
In Proc. of: Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, 2014, ACM
LibFTE: A Toolkit for Constructing Practical, Format-Abiding Encryption Schemes

Daniel Luchaup, Kevin P. Dyer, Somesh Jha, Thomas Ristenpart, Thomas Shrimpton
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2014, USENIX
Toward automatic censorship detection in microblogs

Donn Morrison
In Proc. of: Data Mining in Social Networks, 2014
VPN Gate: A Volunteer-Organized Public VPN Relay System with Blocking Resistance for Bypassing Government Censorship Firewalls

Daiyuu Nobori, Yasushi Shinjo
In Proc. of: Networked Systems Design and Implementation, 2014, USENIX
Measuring Freenet in the Wild: Censorship-resilience under Observation

Stefanie Roos, Benjamin Schiller, Stefan Hacker, Thorsten Strufe
In Proc. of: Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium, 2014, Springer
Censorship Resistance as a Side-Effect

Henry Tan, Micah Sherr
In Proc. of: Security Protocols, 2014, Springer
A Censorship-Resistant, Privacy-Enhancing and Fully Decentralized Name System

Matthias Wachs, Martin Schanzenbach, Christian Grothoff
In Proc. of: Cryptology and Network Security, 2014, Springer
TapDance: End-to-Middle Anticensorship without Flow Blocking

Eric Wustrow, Colleen M. Swanson, J. Alex Halderman
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2014, USENIX

Collateral Freedom: A Snapshot of Chinese Internet Users Circumventing Censorship

David Robinson, Harlan Yu, Anne An
2013
Self-Censorship on Facebook

Sauvik Das, Adam Kramer
In Proc. of: Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, 2013, AAAI
Dimming the Internet: Detecting Throttling as a Mechanism of Censorship in Iran

Collin Anderson
2013
Internet Censorship in Iran: A First Look

Simurgh Aryan, Homa Aryan, J. Alex Halderman
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2013, USENIX
Gaining Insight into AS-level Outages through Analysis of Internet Background Radiation

Karyn Benson, Alberto Dainotti, KC Claffy, Emile Aben
In Proc. of: Traffic Monitoring and Analysis, 2013, IEEE
Tweeting Under Pressure: Analyzing Trending Topics and Evolving Word Choice on Sina Weibo

Le Chen, Chi Zhang, Christo Wilson
In Proc. of: Conference on Online Social Networks, 2013, ACM
A Method for Identifying and Confirming the Use of URL Filtering Products for Censorship

Jakub Dalek, Bennett Haselton, Helmi Noman, Adam Senft, Masashi Crete-Nishihata, Phillipa Gill, Ronald J. Deibert
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2013, ACM
Revealing Middlebox Interference with Tracebox

Gregory Detal, Benjamin Hesmans, Olivier Bonaventure, Yves Vanaubel, Benoit Donnet
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2013, ACM
Protocol Misidentification Made Easy with Format-Transforming Encryption

Kevin P. Dyer, Scott E. Coull, Thomas Ristenpart, Thomas Shrimpton
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2013, ACM
OSS: Using Online Scanning Services for Censorship Circumvention

David Fifield, Gabi Nakibly, Dan Boneh
In Proc. of: Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium, 2013, Springer
Cover Your ACKs: Pitfalls of Covert Channel Censorship Circumvention

John Geddes, Max Schuchard, Nicholas Hopper
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2013, ACM
Building Dissent Networks: Towards Effective Countermeasures against Large-Scale Communications Blackouts

Shaddi Hasan, Yahel Ben-David, Giulia Fanti, Eric Brewer, Scott Shenker
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2013, USENIX
I want my voice to be heard: IP over Voice-over-IP for unobservable censorship circumvention

Amir Houmansadr, Thomas Riedl, Nikita Borisov, Andrew Singer
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2013, The Internet Society
The Parrot is Dead: Observing Unobservable Network Communications

Amir Houmansadr, Chad Brubaker, Vitaly Shmatikov
In Proc. of: Symposium on Security & Privacy, 2013, IEEE
Message In A Bottle: Sailing Past Censorship

Luca Invernizzi, Christopher Kruegel, Giovanni Vigna
In Proc. of: Annual Computer Security Applications Conference, 2013, ACM
Towards Illuminating a Censorship Monitor’s Model to Facilitate Evasion

Sheharbano Khattak, Mobin Javed, Philip D. Anderson, Vern Paxson
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2013, USENIX
The Anatomy of Web Censorship in Pakistan

Zubair Nabi
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2013, USENIX
Identity-Based Steganography and Its Applications to Censorship Resistance

Tim Ruffing, Jonas Schneider, Aniket Kate
In Proc. of: Hot Topics in Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2013, Springer
Five Incidents, One Theme: Twitter Spam as a Weapon to Drown Voices of Protest

John-Paul Verkamp, Minaxi Gupta
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2013, USENIX
On the Feasibility of a Censorship Resistant Decentralized Name System

Matthias Wachs, Martin Schanzenbach, Christian Grothoff
In Proc. of: Foundations & Practice of Security, 2013, Springer
rBridge: User Reputation based Tor Bridge Distribution with Privacy Preservation

Qiyan Wang, Zi Lin, Nikita Borisov, Nicholas J. Hopper
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2013, The Internet Society
Towards a Censorship Analyser for Tor

Philipp Winter
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2013, USENIX
ScrambleSuit: A Polymorphic Network Protocol to Circumvent Censorship

Philipp Winter, Tobias Pulls, Juergen Fuss
In Proc. of: Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, 2013, ACM
SWEET: Serving the Web by Exploiting Email Tunnels

Wenxuan Zhou, Amir Houmansadr, Matthew Caesar, Nikita Borisov
In Proc. of: Hot Topics in Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2013, Springer
The Velocity of Censorship: High-Fidelity Detection of Microblog Post Deletions

Tao Zhu, David Phipps, Adam Pridgen, Jedidiah R. Crandall, Dan S. Wallach
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2013, USENIX

Technical analysis of the Ultrasurf proxying software

Jacob Appelbaum
2012
Whiskey, Weed, and Wukan on the World Wide Web: On Measuring Censors’ Resources and Motivations

Nicholas Aase, Jedidiah R. Crandall, Álvaro Díaz, Jeffrey Knockel, Jorge Ocaña Molinero, Jared Saia, Dan Wallach, Tao Zhu
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2012, USENIX
The Hidden Internet of Iran: Private Address Allocations on a National Network

Collin Anderson
2012
The Collateral Damage of Internet Censorship by DNS Injection

Sparks, Neo, Tank, Smith, Dozer
In: SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2012, ACM
Hold-On: Protecting Against On-Path DNS Poisoning

Haixin Duan, Nicholas Weaver, Zongxu Zhao, Meng Hu, Jinjin Liang, Jian Jiang, Kang Li, Vern Paxson
In Proc. of: Securing and Trusting Internet Names, 2012, National Physical Laboratory
Evading Censorship with Browser-Based Proxies

David Fifield, Nate Hardison, Jonathan Ellithorpe, Emily Stark, Roger Dingledine, Phil Porras, Dan Boneh
In Proc. of: Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium, 2012, Springer
OONI: Open Observatory of Network Interference

Arturo Filastò, Jacob Appelbaum
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2012, USENIX
How Censorship in China Allows Government Criticism but Silences Collective Expression

Gary King, Jennifer Pan, Margaret E. Roberts
In: American Political Science Review, 2012
Bootstrapping Communications into an Anti-Censorship System

Patrick Lincoln, Ian Mason, Phillip Porras, Vinod Yegneswaran, Zachary Weinberg, Jeroen Massar, William Simpson, Paul Vixie, Dan Boneh
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2012, USENIX
Extensive Analysis and Large-Scale Empirical Evaluation of Tor Bridge Discovery

Zhen Ling, Xinwen Fu, Wei Yu, Junzhou Luo, Ming Yang
In Proc. of: INFOCOM, 2012, IEEE
SkypeMorph: Protocol Obfuscation for Tor Bridges

Hooman {Mohajeri Moghaddam}, Baiyu Li, Mohammad Derakhshani, Ian Goldberg
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2012, ACM
Secure Communication over Diverse Transports

Michael Rogers, Eleanor Saitta
In Proc. of: Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, 2012, ACM
Routing Around Decoys

Max Schuchard, John Geddes, Christopher Thompson, Nicholas Hopper
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2012, ACM
Adapting Social Spam Infrastructure for Political Censorship

Kurt Thomas, Chris Grier, Vern Paxson
In Proc. of: Large-Scale Exploits and Emergent Threats, 2012, USENIX
One-way indexing for plausible deniability in censorship resistant storage

Eugene Y. Vasserman, Victor Heorhiadi, Nicholas Hopper, Yongdae Kim
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2012, USENIX
Inferring Mechanics of Web Censorship Around the World

John-Paul Verkamp, Minaxi Gupta
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2012, USENIX
CensorSpoofer: Asymmetric Communication using IP Spoofing for Censorship-Resistant Web Browsing

Qiyan Wang, Xun Gong, Giang T. K. Nguyen, Amir Houmansadr, Nikita Borisov
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2012, ACM
StegoTorus: A Camouflage Proxy for the Tor Anonymity System

Zachary Weinberg, Jeffrey Wang, Vinod Yegneswaran, Linda Briesemeister, Steven Cheung, Frank Wang, Dan Boneh
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2012, ACM
How the Great Firewall of China is Blocking Tor

Philipp Winter, Stefan Lindskog
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2012, USENIX
Regional Variation in Chinese Internet Filtering

Joss Wright
2012

BridgeSPA: Improving Tor Bridges with Single Packet Authorization

Rob Smits, Divam Jain, Sarah Pidcock, Ian Goldberg, Urs Hengartner
In Proc. of: Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, 2011, ACM
Hiding Amongst the Clouds: A Proposal for Cloud-based Onion Routing

Nicholas Jones, Matvey Arye, Jacopo Cesareo, Michael J. Freedman
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2011, USENIX
#h00t: Censorship Resistant Microblogging

Dustin Bachrach, Christopher Nunu, Dan S. Wallach, Matthew Wright
2011
Scrambling for lightweight censorship resistance

Joseph Bonneau, Rubin Xu
In Proc. of: Security Protocols, 2011, Springer
Analysis of Country-wide Internet Outages Caused by Censorship

Alberto Dainotti, Claudio Squarcella, Emile Aben, Kimberly C. Claffy, Marco Chiesa, Michele Russo, Antonio Pescapè
In Proc. of: Internet Measurement Conference, 2011, ACM
An anomaly-based censorship-detection system for Tor

George Danezis
2011
Automated Named Entity Extraction for Tracking Censorship of Current Events

Antonio M. Espinoza, Jedidiah R. Crandall
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2011, USENIX
Cirripede: Circumvention Infrastructure using Router Redirection with Plausible Deniability

Amir Houmansadr, Giang T. K. Nguyen, Matthew Caesar, Nikita Borisov
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2011, ACM
Decoy Routing: Toward Unblockable Internet Communication

Josh Karlin, Daniel Ellard, Alden W. Jackson, Christine E. Jones, Greg Lauer, David P. Mankins, W. Timothy Strayer
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2011, USENIX
Bypassing Internet Censorship for News Broadcasters

Karl Kathuria
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2011, USENIX
Three Researchers, Five Conjectures: An Empirical Analysis of TOM-Skype Censorship and Surveillance

Jeffrey Knockel, Jedidiah R. Crandall, Jared Saia
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2011, USENIX
Tor Instead of IP

Vincent Liu, Seungyeop Han, Arvind Krishnamurthy, Thomas Anderson
In Proc. of: Hot Topics in Networks, 2011, ACM
Proximax: A Measurement Based System for Proxies Dissemination

Damon McCoy, Jose Andre Morales, Kirill Levchenko
In Proc. of: Financial Cryptography and Data Security, 2011, Springer
Mapping Local Internet Control

Hal Roberts, David Larochelle, Rob Faris, John Palfrey
In Proc. of: Computer Communications Workshop, 2011, IEEE
Infrastructures of Censorship and Lessons from Copyright Resistance

Wendy Seltzer
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2011, USENIX
CensMon: A Web Censorship Monitor

Andreas Sfakianakis, Elias Athanasopoulos, Sotiris Ioannidis
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2011, USENIX
Online Contribution Practices in Countries that Engage in Internet Blocking and Censorship

Irina Shklovski, Nalini P. Kotamraju
In Proc. of: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2011, ACM
Dust: A Blocking-Resistant Internet Transport Protocol

Brandon Wiley
2011
Fine-Grained Censorship Mapping: Information Sources, Legality and Ethics

Joss Wright, Tulio de Souza, Ian Brown
In Proc. of: Free and Open Communications on the Internet, 2011, USENIX
Telex: Anticensorship in the Network Infrastructure

Eric Wustrow, Scott Wolchok, Ian Goldberg, J. Alex Halderman
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2011, USENIX
Internet Censorship in China: Where Does the Filtering Occur?

Xueyang Xu, Z. Morley Mao, J. Alex Halderman
In Proc. of: Passive and Active Measurement Conference, 2011, Springer

A terminology for talking about privacy by data minimization: Anonymity, Unlinkability, Undetectability, Unobservability, Pseudonymity, and Identity Management

Andreas Pfitzmann, Marit Hansen
2010
Chipping Away at Censorship Firewalls with User-Generated Content

Sam Burnett, Nick Feamster, Santosh Vempala
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2010, USENIX
Fighting Censorship with Algorithms

Mohammad Mahdian
In Proc. of: International Conference on Fun with Algorithms, 2010, Springer
Empirical Study of a National-Scale Distributed Intrusion Detection System: Backbone-Level Filtering of HTML Responses in China

Jong Chun Park, Jedidiah R. Crandall
In Proc. of: Distributed Computing Systems, 2010, IEEE

On the risks of serving whenever you surf: Vulnerabilities in Tor’s blocking resistance design

Jon McLachlan, Nicholas Hopper
In Proc. of: Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, 2009, ACM
Anonymity and Censorship Resistance in Unstructured Overlay Networks

Michael Backes, Marek Hamerlik, Alessandro Linari, Matteo Maffei, Christos Tryfonopoulos, Gerhard Weikum
In Proc. of: On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems, 2009, Springer
SkyF2F: Censorship Resistant via Skype Overlay Network

Shoufeng Cao, Longtao He, Zhongxian Li, Yixian Yang
In Proc. of: International Conference on Information Engineering, 2009, IEEE
Detecting Forged TCP Reset Packets

Nicholas Weaver, Robin Sommer, Vern Paxson
In Proc. of: Network and Distributed System Security, 2009, The Internet Society

“Good” Worms and Human Rights

John Aycock, Alana Maurushat
In: SIGCAS Computers & Society, 2008, ACM
Pass it on: Social Networks Stymie Censors

Yair Sovran, Alana Libonati, Jinyang Li
In Proc. of: International Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems, 2008, USENIX

ConceptDoppler: A Weather Tracker for Internet Censorship

Jedidiah R. Crandall, Daniel Zinn, Michael Byrd, Earl Barr, Rich East
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2007, ACM
The Great DNS Wall of China

Graham Lowe, Patrick Winters, Michael L. Marcus
2007

Investigating large-scale Internet content filtering

Sebastian Wolfgarten
2006
Ignoring the Great Firewall of China

Richard Clayton, Steven J. Murdoch, Robert N. M. Watson
In Proc. of: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2006, Springer
Failures in a Hybrid Content Blocking System

Richard Clayton
In Proc. of: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2006, Springer
Design of a blocking-resistant anonymity system

Roger Dingledine, Nick Mathewson
2006

Censorship Resistance Revisited

Ginger Perng, Michael K. Reiter, Chenxi Wang
In Proc. of: International Conference on Information Hiding, 2005, Springer

The Economics of Censorship Resistance

George Danezis, Ross Anderson
In Proc. of: Economics and Information Security, 2004
How to Achieve Blocking Resistance for Existing Systems Enabling Anonymous Web Surfing

Stefan Köpsell, Ulf Hillig
In Proc. of: Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society, 2004, ACM

Government mandated blocking of foreign Web content

Maximillian Dornseif
In Proc. of: DFN-Arbeitstagung über Kommunikationsnetze, 2003, Gesellschaft für Informatik
Thwarting Web Censorship with Untrusted Messenger Discovery

Nick Feamster, Magdalena Balazinska, Winston Wang, Hari Balakrishnan, David Karger
In Proc. of: Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2003, Springer

Infranet: Circumventing Web Censorship and Surveillance

Nick Feamster, Magdalena Balazinska, Greg Harfst, Hari Balakrishnan, David Karger
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2002, USENIX
Anonymizing Censorship Resistant Systems

Andrei Serjantov
In Proc. of: International Workshop on Peer-To-Peer Systems, 2002, Springer

Dagster: Censorship-Resistant Publishing Without Replication

Adam Stubblefield, Dan S. Wallach
2001
Tangler: A Censorship-Resistant Publishing System Based On Document Entanglements

Marc Waldman, David Mazières
In Proc. of: Computer and Communications Security, 2001, ACM

Publius: A robust, tamper-evident, censorship-resistant web publishing system

Marc Waldman, Aviel D. Rubin, Lorrie Faith Cranor
In Proc. of: USENIX Security Symposium, 2000, USENIX

The Eternity Service

Ross J. Anderson
In Proc. of: Theory and Applications of Cryptology, 1996, CTU Publishing House

Selected Research Papersin Internet Censorship

Selected Research Papers
in Internet Censorship