@inproceedings{Xue2023b,
author = {Diwen Xue and Michalis Kallitsis and Amir Houmansadr and Roya Ensafi},
title = {Fingerprinting Obfuscated Proxy Traffic with Encapsulated {TLS} Handshakes},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2024},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec24summer-prepub-465-xue.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Kon2024a,
author = {Patrick Tser Jern Kon and Aniket Gattani and Dhiraj Saharia and Tianyu Cao and Diogo Barradas and Ang Chen and Micah Sherr and Benjamin E. Ujcich},
title = {{NetShuffle}: Circumventing Censorship with Shuffle Proxies at the Edge},
booktitle = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
publisher = {IEEE},
year = {2024},
url = {https://www.computer.org/csdl/pds/api/csdl/proceedings/download-article/1RjEabCelaM/pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Wails2024a,
author = {Ryan Wails and George Arnold Sullivan and Micah Sherr and Rob Jansen},
title = {On Precisely Detecting Censorship Circumvention in Real-World Networks},
booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
publisher = {The Internet Society},
year = {2024},
url = {https://www.robgjansen.com/publications/precisedetect-ndss2024.pdf},
}
@article{Ververis2023a,
author = {Vasilis Ververis and Lucas Lasota and Tatiana Ermakova and Benjamin Fabian},
title = {Website blocking in the {European} {Union}: Network interference from the perspective of {Open} {Internet}},
journal = {Policy \& Internet},
year = {2023},
url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/poi3.367},
}
@techreport{Fifield2023b,
author = {David Fifield},
title = {Comments on certain past cryptographic flaws affecting fully encrypted censorship circumvention protocols},
year = {2023},
url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1362.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Bischof2023a,
author = {Zachary S. Bischof and Kennedy Pitcher and Esteban Carisimo and Amanda Meng and Rafael Bezerra Nunes and Ramakrishna Padmanabhan and Margaret E. Roberts and Alex C. Snoeren and Alberto Dainotti},
title = {Destination Unreachable: Characterizing {Internet} Outages and Shutdowns},
booktitle = {SIGCOMM},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2023},
url = {https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~snoeren/papers/shutdown-sigcomm23.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Brown2023a,
author = {Jacob Brown and Xi Jiang and Van Tran and Arjun Nitin Bhagoji and Nguyen Phong Hoang and Nick Feamster and Prateek Mittal and Vinod Yegneswaran},
title = {Augmenting Rule-based {DNS} Censorship Detection at Scale with Machine Learning},
booktitle = {Knowledge Discovery And Data Mining},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2023},
url = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2302.02031.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Feng2023a,
author = {Yuzhou Feng and Ruyu Zhai and Radu Sion and Bogdan Carbunar},
title = {A Study of {China}'s Censorship and Its Evasion Through the Lens of Online Gaming},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/usenixsecurity23-feng.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Amich2023a,
author = {Abderrahmen Amich and Birhanu Eshete and Vinod Yegneswaran and Nguyen Phong Hoang},
title = {DeResistor: Toward Detection-Resistant Probing for Evasion of Internet Censorship},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/usenixsecurity23-amich.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Sun2023a,
author = {Zhen Sun and Vitaly Shmatikov},
title = {{TELEPATH}: A Minecraft-based Covert Communication System},
booktitle = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
publisher = {IEEE},
year = {2023},
url = {https://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/SP46215.2023.00183},
}
@inproceedings{Master2023a,
author = {Alexander Master and Christina Garman},
title = {A Worldwide View of Nation-state {Internet} Censorship},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0008.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Xue2023a,
author = {Diwen Xue and Roya Ensafi},
title = {The Use of Push Notification in Censorship Circumvention},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0009.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Nourin2023a,
author = {Sadia Nourin and Van Tran and Xi Jiang and Kevin Bock and Nick Feamster and Nguyen Phong Hoang and Dave Levin},
title = {Measuring and Evading {Turkmenistan}'s Internet Censorship},
booktitle = {The International World Wide Web Conference},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2023},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3543507.3583189},
}
@inproceedings{Nourin2023b,
author = {Sadia Nourin and Kevin Bock and Nguyen Phong Hoang and Dave Levin},
title = {Detecting Network Interference Without Endpoint Participation},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0010.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Fifield2023a,
author = {David Fifield and Linus Nordberg},
title = {Running a high-performance pluggable transports {Tor} bridge},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0011.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Ortwein2023a,
author = {Aaron Ortwein and Kevin Bock and Dave Levin},
title = {Towards a Comprehensive Understanding of {Russian} Transit Censorship},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0012.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Wails2023a,
author = {Ryan Wails and Rob Jansen and Aaron Johnson and Micah Sherr},
title = {{Proteus}: Programmable Protocols for Censorship Circumvention},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0013.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Jia2023a,
author = {Watson Jia and Joseph Eichenhofer and Liang Wang and Prateek Mittal},
title = {{Voiceover}: Censorship-Circumventing Protocol Tunnels with Generative Modeling},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0014.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Tran2023a,
author = {Nhi Tran and Kevin Bock and Dave Levin},
title = {Crowdsourcing the Discovery of Server-side Censorship Evasion Strategies},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0016.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Waheed2022a,
author = {Asim Waheed and Sara Qunaibi and Diogo Barradas and Zachary Weinberg},
title = {Darwin's Theory of Censorship: Analysing the Evolution of Censored Topics with Dynamic Topic Models},
year = {2022},
publisher = {ACM},
url = {https://research.owlfolio.org/pubs/2022-darwin-censorship.pdf},
booktitle = {Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society},
}
@inproceedings{Ververis2021a,
author = {Vasilis Ververis and Tatiana Ermakova and Marios Isaakidis and Simone Basso and Benjamin Fabian and Stefania Milan},
title = {Understanding {Internet} Censorship in {Europe}: The Case of {Spain}},
year = {2021},
booktitle = {Web Science Conference},
publisher = {ACM},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3447535.3462638},
}
@inproceedings{Ramesh2023a,
author = {Reethika Ramesh and Ram Sundara Raman and Apurva Virkud and Alexandra Dirksen and Armin Huremagic and David Fifield and Dirk Rodenburg and Rod Hynes and Doug Madory and Roya Ensafi},
title = {Network Responses to {Russia's} Invasion of {Ukraine} in 2022: A Cautionary Tale for {Internet} Freedom},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2023},
url = {https://censoredplanet.org/assets/russia-ukraine-invasion.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Wu2023a,
author = {Mingshi Wu and Jackson Sippe and Danesh Sivakumar and Jack Burg and Peter Anderson and Xiaokang Wang and Kevin Bock and Amir Houmansadr and Dave Levin and Eric Wustrow},
title = {How the {Great Firewall} of {China} Detects and Blocks Fully Encrypted Traffic},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec23fall-prepub-234-wu-mingshi.pdf},
}
@article{Tulloch2023a,
author = {Lindsey Tulloch and Ian Goldberg},
title = {Lox: Protecting the Social Graph in Bridge Distribution},
journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
volume = {2023},
number = {1},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://petsymposium.org/popets/2023/popets-2023-0029.pdf},
}
@article{Sharma2023a,
author = {Piyush Kumar Sharma and Rishi Sharma and Kartikey Singh and Mukulika Maity and Sambuddho Chakravarty},
title = {Dolphin: A Cellular Voice Based {Internet} Shutdown Resistance System},
journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
volume = {2023},
number = {1},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://petsymposium.org/popets/2023/popets-2023-0034.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Katira2023a,
author = {Divyank Katira and Gurshabad Grover and Kushagra Singh and Varun Bansal},
title = {{CensorWatch}: On the Implementation of Online Censorship in {India}},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0006.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Wang2023a,
author = {Gaukas Wang and Anonymous and Jackson Sippe and Hai Chi and Eric Wustrow},
title = {Chasing Shadows: A security analysis of the {ShadowTLS} proxy},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0002.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Fenske2023a,
author = {Ellis Fenske and Aaron Johnson},
title = {Security Notions for Fully Encrypted Protocols},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0004.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Raman2023a,
author = {Ram Sundara Raman and Apurva Virkud and Sarah Laplante and Vinicius Fortuna and Roya Ensafi},
title = {Advancing the Art of Censorship Data Analysis},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {},
year = {2023},
url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0003.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Raman2022a,
author = {Ram Sundara Raman and Mona Wang and Jakub Dalek and Jonathan Mayer and Roya Ensafi},
title = {Network Measurement Methods for Locating and Examining Censorship Devices},
booktitle = {Emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2022},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3555050.3569133},
}
@inproceedings{Xue2022b,
author = {Diwen Xue and Benjamin Mixon-Baca and ValdikSS and Anna Ablove and Beau Kujath and Jedidiah R. Crandall and Roya Ensafi},
title = {{TSPU}: {Russia}'s Decentralized Censorship System},
booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2022},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3517745.3561461},
}
@inproceedings{Lorimer2021a,
author = {Anna Harbluk Lorimer and Lindsey Tulloch and Cecylia Bocovich and Ian Goldberg},
title = {{OUStralopithecus}: Overt User Simulation for Censorship Circumvention},
booktitle = {Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2021},
url = {https://cypherpunks.ca/~iang/pubs/oustral-wpes21.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Bhaskar2022a,
author = {Abhishek Bhaskar and Paul Pearce},
title = {Many Roads Lead To {Rome}: How Packet Headers Influence {DNS} Censorship Measurement},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2022},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec22-bhaskar.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Harrity2022a,
author = {Michael Harrity and Kevin Bock and Frederick Sell and Dave Levin},
title = {{GET} /out: Automated Discovery of Application-Layer Censorship Evasion Strategies},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2022},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec22-harrity.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Xue2022a,
author = {Diwen Xue and Reethika Ramesh and Arham Jain and Michalis Kallitsis and J. Alex Halderman and Jedidiah R. Crandall and Roya Ensafi},
title = {{OpenVPN} is Open to {VPN} Fingerprinting},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2022},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec22-xue-diwen.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Figueira2022a,
author = {Gabriel Figueira and Diogo Barradas and Nuno Santos},
title = {{Stegozoa}: Enhancing {WebRTC} Covert Channels with Video Steganography for Internet Censorship Circumvention},
booktitle = {Asia CCS},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2022},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3488932.3517419},
}
@inproceedings{Gosain2017b,
author = {Devashish Gosain and Anshika Agarwal and Sambuddho Chakravarty and H. B. Acharya},
title = {The Devil's in The Details: Placing Decoy Routers in the {Internet}},
booktitle = {ACSAC},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2017},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Gosain2017b.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Sharma2021a,
author = {Piyush Kumar Sharma and Devashish Gosain and Sambuddho Chakravarty},
title = {Camoufler: Accessing The Censored Web By Utilizing Instant Messaging Channels},
booktitle = {Asia CCS},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2021},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Sharma2021a.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Rambert2021a,
author = {Raymond Rambert and Zachary Weinberg and Diogo Barradas and Nicolas Christin},
title = {{Chinese} Wall or {Swiss} Cheese? Keyword filtering in the {Great Firewall} of {China}},
booktitle = {WWW},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2021},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Rambert2021a.pdf},
}
@article{Chang2022a,
author = {Keng-Chi Chang and William R. Hobbs and Margaret E. Roberts and Zachary C. Steinert-Threlkeld},
title = {{COVID-19} increased censorship circumvention and access to sensitive topics in {China}},
journal = {PNAS},
volume = {119},
number = {4},
publisher = {National Academy of Sciences},
year = {2022},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Chang2022a.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Hoang2022a,
author = {Nguyen Phong Hoang and Michalis Polychronakis and Phillipa Gill},
title = {Measuring the Accessibility of Domain Name Encryption and Its Impact on {Internet} Filtering},
booktitle = {Passive and Active Measurement Conference},
publisher = {Springer},
year = {2022},
pages = {518--536},
url = {https://www3.cs.stonybrook.edu/~mikepo/papers/dneye.pam22.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Kaptchuk2021a,
author = {Gabriel Kaptchuk and Tushar M. Jois and Matthew Green and Aviel D. Rubin},
title = {{Meteor}: Cryptographically Secure Steganography for Realistic Distributions},
booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2021},
url = {https://www.cs.jhu.edu/~gkaptch1/publications/ccs21_meteor.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Xue2021a,
author = {Diwen Xue and Reethika Ramesh and ValdikSS and Leonid Evdokimov and Andrey Viktorov and Arham Jain and Eric Wustrow and Simone Basso and Roya Ensafi},
title = {Throttling {Twitter}: an emerging censorship technique in {Russia}},
booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2021},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3487552.3487858},
}
@inproceedings{Elmenhorst2021a,
author = {Kathrin Elmenhorst and Bertram Sch{\"u}tz and Nils Aschenbruck and Simone Basso},
title = {Web censorship measurements of {HTTP}/3 over {QUIC}},
booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2021},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3487552.3487836},
}
@inproceedings{Basso2021a,
author = {Simone Basso},
title = {Measuring {DoT}/{DoH} blocking using {OONI Probe}: a preliminary study},
booktitle = {DNS Privacy Workshop},
year = {2021},
publisher = {The Internet Society},
url = {https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/dnspriv21-02-paper.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Padmanabhan2021a,
author = {Ramakrishna Padmanabhan and Arturo Filast\`{o} and Maria Xynou and Ram Sundara Raman and Kennedy Middleton and Mingwei Zhang and Doug Madory and Molly Roberts and Alberto Dainotti},
title = {A multi-perspective view of {Internet} censorship in {Myanmar}},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2021},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3473604.3474562},
}
@inproceedings{Knockel2021a,
author = {Jeffrey Knockel and Lotus Ruan},
title = {Measuring {QQMail}'s Automated Email Censorship in {China}},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2021},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474560},
}
@inproceedings{Kwan2021a,
author = {Carmen Kwan and Paul Janiszewski and Shela Qiu and Cathy Wang and Cecylia Bocovich},
title = {Exploring Simple Detection Techniques for {DNS}-over-{HTTPS} Tunnels},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2021},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474563},
}
@inproceedings{Bock2021c,
author = {Kevin Bock and Gabriel Naval and Kyle Reese and Dave Levin},
title = {Even Censors Have a Backup: Examining {China}'s Double {HTTPS} Censorship Middleboxes},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2021},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474559},
}
@inproceedings{Satija2021a,
author = {Sambhav Satija and Rahul Chatterjee},
title = {{BlindTLS}: Circumventing {TLS}-Based {HTTPS} Censorship},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2021},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474564},
}
@inproceedings{Wei2021a,
author = {Mingkui Wei},
title = {Domain Shadowing: Leveraging Content Delivery Networks for Robust Blocking-Resistant Communications},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2021},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec21-wei.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Bock2021b,
author = {Kevin Bock and Abdulrahman Alaraj and Yair Fax and Kyle Hurley and Eric Wustrow and Dave Levin},
title = {Weaponizing Middleboxes for {TCP} Reflected Amplification},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2021},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec21-bock.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Hoang2021a,
author = {Nguyen Phong Hoang and Arian Akhavan Niaki and Jakub Dalek and Jeffrey Knockel and Pellaeon Lin and Bill Marczak and Masashi Crete-Nishihata and Phillipa Gill and Michalis Polychronakis},
title = {How Great is the {Great Firewall}? {Measuring} {China}'s {DNS} Censorship},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2021},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec21-hoang.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Rosen2021a,
author = {Marc B. Rosen and James Parker and Alex J. Malozemoff},
title = {{Balboa}: Bobbing and Weaving around Network Censorship},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2021},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec21-rosen.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Bock2021a,
author = {Kevin Bock and Pranav Bharadwaj and Jasraj Singh and Dave Levin},
title = {Your Censor is My Censor: Weaponizing Censorship Infrastructure for Availability Attacks},
booktitle = {Workshop on Offensive Technologies},
publisher = {IEEE},
year = {2021},
url = {http://www.cs.umd.edu/~dml/papers/weaponizing_woot21.pdf},
}
@article{Gosain2021a,
author = {Devashish Gosain and Mayank Mohindra and Sambuddho Chakravarty},
title = {Too Close for Comfort: Morasses of (Anti-) Censorship in the Era of {CDN}s},
journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
volume = {2021},
number = {2},
publisher = {Sciendo},
year = {2021},
url = {https://petsymposium.org/2021/files/papers/issue2/popets-2021-0023.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Barradas2020b,
author = {Diogo Barradas and Nuno Santos},
title = {Towards a Scalable Censorship-Resistant Overlay Network based on {WebRTC} Covert Channels},
booktitle = {Distributed Infrastructure for Common Good},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2020},
url = {https://www.gsd.inesc-id.pt/~nsantos/papers/barradas_dicg20.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Barradas2020a,
author = {Diogo Barradas and Nuno Santos and Lu\'{i}s Rodrigues and V\'{i}tor Nunes},
title = {Poking a Hole in the Wall: Efficient Censorship-Resistant {Internet} Communications by Parasitizing on {WebRTC}},
booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2020},
url = {https://www.gsd.inesc-id.pt/~nsantos/papers/barradas_ccs20.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Raman2020c,
author = {Ram Sundara Raman and Prerana Shenoy and Katharina Kohls and Roya Ensafi},
title = {{Censored} {Planet}: An {Internet}-wide, Longitudinal Censorship Observatory},
booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2020},
url = {https://www.ramakrishnansr.com/assets/censoredplanet.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Alice2020a,
author = {Alice and Bob and Carol and Jan Beznazwy and Amir Houmansadr},
title = {How {China} Detects and Blocks {Shadowsocks}},
booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2020},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Alice2020a.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Raman2020b,
author = {Ram Sundara Raman and Leonid Evdokimov and Eric Wustrow and J. Alex Halderman and Roya Ensafi},
title = {Investigating Large Scale {HTTPS} Interception in {Kazakhstan}},
booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2020},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3419394.3423665},
}
@inproceedings{Bock2020b,
author = {Kevin Bock and George Hughey and Louis-Henri Merino and Tania Arya and Daniel Liscinsky and Regina Pogosian and Dave Levin},
title = {Come as You Are: Helping Unmodified Clients Bypass Censorship with Server-side Evasion},
booktitle = {SIGCOMM},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2020},
url = {https://geneva.cs.umd.edu/papers/come-as-you-are.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Govil2020a,
author = {Yashodhar Govil and Liang Wang and Jennifer Rexford},
title = {{MIMIQ}: Masking {IPs} with Migration in {QUIC}},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2020},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-govil.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Alharbi2020a,
author = {Fatemah Alharbi and Michalis Faloutsos and Nael Abu-Ghazaleh},
title = {Opening Digital Borders Cautiously yet Decisively: Digital Filtering in {Saudi Arabia}},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2020},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-alharbi_0.pdf},
}
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author = {Anonymous and Arian Akhavan Niaki and Nguyen Phong Hoang and Phillipa Gill and Amir Houmansadr},
title = {Triplet Censors: Demystifying {Great Firewall}'s {DNS} Censorship Behavior},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2020},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-anonymous_0.pdf},
}
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author = {Benedikt Birtel and Christian Rossow},
title = {{Slitheen++}: Stealth {TLS}-based Decoy Routing},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2020},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-birtel_0.pdf},
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author = {Kevin Bock and Yair Fax and Kyle Reese and Jasraj Singh and Dave Levin},
title = {Detecting and Evading Censorship-in-Depth: A Case Study of {Iran}'s Protocol Filter},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2020},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-bock.pdf},
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author = {David Fifield},
title = {{Turbo Tunnel}, a good way to design censorship circumvention protocols},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2020},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-fifield.pdf},
}
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author = {Sergey Frolov and Eric Wustrow},
title = {{HTTPT}: A Probe-Resistant Proxy},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2020},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-frolov.pdf},
}
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author = {Kushagra Singh and Gurshabad Grover and Varun Bansal},
title = {How {India} Censors the Web},
booktitle = {Web Science},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2020},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Singh2020a.pdf},
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author = {Pengxiong Zhu and Keyu Man and Zhongjie Wang and Zhiyun Qian and Roya Ensafi and J. Alex Halderman and Haixin Duan},
title = {Characterizing Transnational Internet Performance and the Great Bottleneck of {China}},
journal = {Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems},
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number = {1},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2020},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3379479},
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author = {Piyush Kumar Sharma and Devashish Gosain and Himanshu Sagar and Chaitanya Kumar and Aneesh Dogra and Vinayak Naik and H. B. Acharya and Sambuddho Chakravarty},
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journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
volume = {2020},
number = {3},
publisher = {Sciendo},
year = {2020},
pages = {243--263},
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author = {Benjamin VanderSloot and Sergey Frolov and Jack Wampler and Sze Chuen Tan and Irv Simpson and Michalis Kallitsis and J. Alex Halderman and Nikita Borisov and Eric Wustrow},
title = {Running Refraction Networking for Real},
journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
volume = {2020},
number = {3},
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year = {2020},
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author = {Mohsen Minaei and Pedro Moreno-Sanchez and Aniket Kate},
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journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
volume = {2020},
number = {3},
publisher = {Sciendo},
year = {2020},
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url = {https://petsymposium.org/2020/files/papers/issue3/popets-2020-0058.pdf},
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publisher = {IEEE},
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author = {Zhongjie Wang and Shitong Zhu and Yue Cao and Zhiyun Qian and Chengyu Song and Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy and Kevin S. Chan and Tracy D. Braun},
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author = {Reethika Ramesh and Ram Sundara Raman and Matthew Bernhard and Victor Ongkowijaya and Leonid Evdokimov and Anne Edmundson and Steven Sprecher and Muhammad Ikram and Roya Ensafi},
title = {Decentralized Control: A Case Study of {Russia}},
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year = {2020},
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author = {Sergey Frolov and Jack Wampler and Sze Chuen Tan and J. Alex Halderman and Nikita Borisov and Eric Wustrow},
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title = {{Geneva}: Evolving Censorship Evasion Strategies},
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author = {Vasilis Ververis and Marios Isaakidis and Valentin Weber and Benjamin Fabian},
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publisher = {ACM},
year = {2019},
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url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci19-paper_sheffey.pdf},
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author = {Zimo Chai and Amirhossein Ghafari and Amir Houmansadr},
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publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2019},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci19-paper_chai_update.pdf},
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author = {Ruohan Xiong and Jeffrey Knockel},
title = {An Efficient Method to Determine which Combination of Keywords Triggered Automatic Filtering of a Message},
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publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2019},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci19-paper_xiong.pdf},
}
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author = {Nguyen Phong Hoang and Sadie Doreen and Michalis Polychronakis},
title = {Measuring {I2P} Censorship at a Global Scale},
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publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2019},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci19-paper_hoang.pdf},
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author = {Milad Nasr and Sadegh Farhang and Amir Houmansadr and Jens Grossklags},
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publisher = {The Internet Society},
year = {2019},
url = {https://people.cs.umass.edu/~amir/papers/TorGame.pdf},
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author = {Sergey Frolov and Eric Wustrow},
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year = {2019},
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author = {Jeffrey Knockel and Lotus Ruan and Masashi Crete-Nishihata},
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booktitle = {E-Democracy},
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url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Ververis2017a.pdf},
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author = {Zhen Lu and Zhenhua Li and Jian Yang and Tianyin Xu and Ennan Zhai and Yao Liu and Christo Wilson},
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author = {Fangfan Li and Abbas Razaghpanah and Arash Molavi Kakhki and Arian Akhavan Niaki and David Choffnes and Phillipa Gill and Alan Mislove},
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author = {Rachee Singh and Rishab Nithyanand and Sadia Afroz and Paul Pearce and Michael Carl Tschantz and Phillipa Gill and Vern Paxson},
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booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2017},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity17/sec17-singh.pdf},
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author = {Paul Pearce and Ben Jones and Frank Li and Roya Ensafi and Nick Feamster and Nick Weaver and Vern Paxson},
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publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2017},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity17/sec17-pearce.pdf},
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author = {Collin Anderson},
title = {Dimming the {Internet}: Detecting Throttling as a Mechanism of Censorship in {Iran}},
institution = {University of Pennsylvania},
year = {2013},
url = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/1306.4361v1.pdf},
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booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
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year = {2014},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci14/foci14-anderson.pdf},
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year = {2014},
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author = {Dustin Bachrach and Christopher Nunu and Dan S. Wallach and Matthew Wright},
title = {{\#h00t}: Censorship Resistant Microblogging},
institution = {Rice University and University of Texas at Arlington},
year = {2011},
url = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/1109.6874v1.pdf},
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booktitle = {Traffic Monitoring and Analysis},
publisher = {IEEE},
year = {2013},
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publisher = {Springer},
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author = {Chad Brubaker and Amir Houmansadr and Vitaly Shmatikov},
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publisher = {Springer},
year = {2014},
url = {https://petsymposium.org/2014/papers/paper_68.pdf},
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year = {2010},
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publisher = {IEEE},
title = {{SkyF2F}: Censorship Resistant via {Skype} Overlay Network},
year = {2009},
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publisher = {ACM},
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year = {2014},
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publisher = {ACM},
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pages = {1--18},
publisher = {ACM},
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year = {2011},
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author = {George Danezis},
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institution = {The Tor Project},
year = {2011},
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year = {2013},
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booktitle = {Securing and Trusting Internet Names},
year = {2012},
publisher = {National Physical Laboratory},
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title = {Automated Named Entity Extraction for Tracking Censorship of Current Events},
year = {2011},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/foci11/tech/final_files/Espinoza.pdf},
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publisher = {Springer},
title = {Thwarting Web Censorship with Untrusted Messenger Discovery},
year = {2003},
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publisher = {Springer},
title = {Evading Censorship with Browser-Based Proxies},
year = {2012},
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year = {2013},
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year = {2012},
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year = {2013},
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year = {2014},
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year = {2011},
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year = {2011},
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year = {2012},
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year = {2014},
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publisher = {Springer},
title = {Fighting Censorship with Algorithms},
year = {2010},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Mahdian2010a.pdf},
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year = {2011},
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booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
year = {2012},
publisher = {ACM},
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publisher = {USENIX},
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year = {2013},
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year = {2014},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/nsdi14/nsdi14-paper-nobori.pdf},
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booktitle = {Distributed Computing Systems},
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publisher = {IEEE},
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year = {2010},
url = {https://www.cs.unm.edu/~crandall/icdcs2010.pdf},
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publisher = {Springer},
year = {2014},
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year = {2013},
url = {https://petsymposium.org/2013/papers/ruffing-censorship.pdf},
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year = {2012},
publisher = {ACM},
url = {https://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~hopper/decoy-ccs12.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Seltzer2011a,
author = {Wendy Seltzer},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
title = {Infrastructures of Censorship and Lessons from Copyright Resistance},
year = {2011},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/foci11/tech/final_files/Seltzer.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Serjantov2002a,
author = {Andrei Serjantov},
booktitle = {International Workshop on Peer-To-Peer Systems},
publisher = {Springer},
title = {Anonymizing Censorship Resistant Systems},
year = {2002},
pages = {111--120},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Serjantov2002a.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Sfakianakis2011a,
author = {Andreas Sfakianakis and Elias Athanasopoulos and Sotiris Ioannidis},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
title = {{CensMon}: A Web Censorship Monitor},
year = {2011},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/foci11/tech/final_files/Sfakianakis.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Shklovski2011a,
author = {Irina Shklovski and Nalini P. Kotamraju},
title = {Online Contribution Practices in Countries that Engage in {Internet} Blocking and Censorship},
booktitle = {CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2011},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Shklovski2011a.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Sovran2008a,
author = {Yair Sovran and Alana Libonati and Jinyang Li},
booktitle = {International Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems},
publisher = {USENIX},
title = {Pass it on: Social Networks Stymie Censors},
year = {2008},
url = {https://www.cs.toronto.edu/iptps2008/final/73.pdf},
}
@techreport{Stubblefield2001a,
author = {Adam Stubblefield and Dan S. Wallach},
title = {{Dagster}: Censorship-Resistant Publishing Without Replication},
institution = {Rice University},
year = {2001},
url = {https://www.cs.rice.edu/~dwallach/pub/dagster-tr.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Tan2014a,
author = {Henry Tan and Micah Sherr},
title = {Censorship Resistance as a Side-Effect},
booktitle = {Security Protocols},
publisher = {Springer},
year = {2014},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Tan2014a.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Thomas2012a,
author = {Kurt Thomas and Chris Grier and Vern Paxson},
title = {Adapting Social Spam Infrastructure for Political Censorship},
booktitle = {Large-Scale Exploits and Emergent Threats},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2012},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/leet12/leet12-final13_0.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Vasserman2012a,
author = {Eugene Y. Vasserman and Victor Heorhiadi and Nicholas Hopper and Yongdae Kim},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
title = {One-way indexing for plausible deniability in censorship resistant storage},
year = {2012},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci12/foci12-final5.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Verkamp2012a,
author = {John-Paul Verkamp and Minaxi Gupta},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
title = {Inferring Mechanics of Web Censorship Around the World},
year = {2012},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci12/foci12-final1.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Verkamp2013a,
author = {John-Paul Verkamp and Minaxi Gupta},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
title = {Five Incidents, One Theme: {Twitter} Spam as a Weapon to Drown Voices of Protest},
year = {2013},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Verkamp2013a.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Wachs2013a,
author = {Matthias Wachs and Martin Schanzenbach and Christian Grothoff},
title = {On the Feasibility of a Censorship Resistant Decentralized Name System},
booktitle = {Foundations \& Practice of Security},
publisher = {Springer},
year = {2013},
url = {https://grothoff.org/christian/fps2013wachs.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Wachs2014a,
author = {Matthias Wachs and Martin Schanzenbach and Christian Grothoff},
title = {A Censorship-Resistant, Privacy-Enhancing and Fully Decentralized Name System},
booktitle = {Cryptology and Network Security},
publisher = {Springer},
year = {2014},
url = {https://git.gnunet.org/bibliography.git/plain/docs/paper_cans2014_camera_ready.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Waldman2000a,
author = {Marc Waldman and Aviel D. Rubin and Lorrie Faith Cranor},
title = {{Publius}: A robust, tamper-evident, censorship-resistant web publishing system},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2000},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/sec2000/waldman/waldman.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Waldman2001a,
author = {Marc Waldman and David Mazi\`{e}res},
title = {{Tangler}: A Censorship-Resistant Publishing System Based On Document Entanglements},
booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2001},
pages = {126--135},
url = {https://www.cs.nyu.edu/~waldman/tangler.ps},
}
@inproceedings{Wang2012a,
author = {Qiyan Wang and Xun Gong and Giang T. K. Nguyen and Amir Houmansadr and Nikita Borisov},
title = {{CensorSpoofer}: Asymmetric Communication using {IP} Spoofing for Censorship-Resistant Web Browsing},
booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2012},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Wang2012a.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Wang2013a,
author = {Qiyan Wang and Zi Lin and Nikita Borisov and Nicholas J. Hopper},
title = {{rBridge}: User Reputation based {Tor} Bridge Distribution with Privacy Preservation},
booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
publisher = {The Internet Society},
year = {2013},
url = {https://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~hopper/rbridge_ndss13.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Weaver2009a,
author = {Nicholas Weaver and Robin Sommer and Vern Paxson},
title = {Detecting Forged {TCP} Reset Packets},
booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
publisher = {The Internet Society},
year = {2009},
url = {https://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/pubs/networking/ndss09-resets.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Weinberg2012a,
author = {Zachary Weinberg and Jeffrey Wang and Vinod Yegneswaran and Linda Briesemeister and Steven Cheung and Frank Wang and Dan Boneh},
title = {{StegoTorus}: A Camouflage Proxy for the {Tor} Anonymity System},
booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2012},
url = {https://www.frankwang.org/files/papers/ccs2012.pdf},
}
@techreport{Wiley2011a,
author = {Brandon Wiley},
title = {{Dust}: A Blocking-Resistant {Internet} Transport Protocol},
institution = {University of Texas at Austin},
year = {2011},
url = {http://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Wiley2011a.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Winter2012a,
author = {Philipp Winter and Stefan Lindskog},
title = {How the {Great Firewall} of {China} is Blocking {Tor}},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2012},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci12/foci12-final2.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Winter2013a,
author = {Philipp Winter},
title = {Towards a Censorship Analyser for {Tor}},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2013},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Winter2013a.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Winter2013b,
author = {Philipp Winter and Tobias Pulls and Juergen Fuss},
title = {{ScrambleSuit}: A Polymorphic Network Protocol to Circumvent Censorship},
booktitle = {Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society},
publisher = {ACM},
year = {2013},
url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Winter2013b.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Wright2011a,
author = {Joss Wright and Tulio Souza and Ian Brown},
title = {Fine-Grained Censorship Mapping: Information Sources, Legality and Ethics},
booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2011},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/foci11/tech/final_files/Wright.pdf},
}
@techreport{Wright2012a,
author = {Joss Wright},
title = {Regional Variation in {Chinese Internet} Filtering},
institution = {University of Oxford},
year = {2012},
url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2265775_code1448244.pdf?abstractid=2265775&mirid=3},
}
@inproceedings{Wustrow2011a,
author = {Eric Wustrow and Scott Wolchok and Ian Goldberg and J. Alex Halderman},
title = {{Telex}: Anticensorship in the Network Infrastructure},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2011},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/event/sec11/tech/full_papers/Wustrow.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Wustrow2014a,
author = {Eric Wustrow and Colleen M. Swanson and J. Alex Halderman},
title = {{TapDance}: End-to-Middle Anticensorship without Flow Blocking},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2014},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity14/sec14-paper-wustrow.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Xu2011a,
author = {Xueyang Xu and Z. Morley Mao and J. Alex Halderman},
title = {{Internet} Censorship in {China}: Where Does the Filtering Occur?},
booktitle = {Passive and Active Measurement Conference},
publisher = {Springer},
year = {2011},
pages = {133--142},
url = {https://web.eecs.umich.edu/~zmao/Papers/china-censorship-pam11.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Zhou2013a,
author = {Wenxuan Zhou and Amir Houmansadr and Matthew Caesar and Nikita Borisov},
title = {{SWEET}: Serving the Web by Exploiting Email Tunnels},
booktitle = {Hot Topics in Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
publisher = {Springer},
year = {2013},
url = {https://petsymposium.org/2013/papers/zhou-censorship.pdf},
}
@inproceedings{Zhu2013a,
author = {Tao Zhu and David Phipps and Adam Pridgen and Jedidiah R. Crandall and Dan S. Wallach},
title = {The Velocity of Censorship: High-Fidelity Detection of Microblog Post Deletions},
booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
publisher = {USENIX},
year = {2013},
url = {https://www.cs.unm.edu/~crandall/usenix13.pdf},
}